Proliferative vitreoretinopathy(PVR)is a common complication of perforation injury and surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. The pathogenesis of this disease is still unclear. However, studies have shown that retina pigment epithelium(RPE)cells have the ability to secrete cytokines, and many growth factors are overexpressed in vitreous or subretinal fluid in PVR patients. These growth factors and their receptors play an important role in the occurrence and development of PVR. When the blood-retinal barrier is broken, the physiological balance of growth factors disappears, and RPE cells are stimulated by growth factors to undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transformation(EMT), migration and proliferation, this leads to the formation of the preretinal membrane, which pulls on the retina and causes retinal detachment. In recent years, scholars have done a lot of researches on the signaling pathways, EMT process and cell proliferation involved in the formation of PVR with growth factors. This article will summarize the function of growth factors involved in the formation of PVR and the therapeutic effects of antagonistic growth factors in the development of PVR.