方法：前瞻性研究。随机收集 2016-09/2019-10海南黎族2型糖尿病患者89例，其中非增殖期DR(NPDR)患者30例、增殖期DR(PDR)患者33例，2型糖尿病无视网膜病变(DWR)患者26例作为对照。运用聚合酶链式反应-限制性片段长度多态性技术测序法，进行VEGF基因相应位点的多态性分析，比较基因型和等位基因频率的差别。

结果：在rs2010963位点上，与DWR组比较，PDR组CC基因型显著升高(P<0.016667)，PDR组CG基因型显著降低(P<0.016667)，三组患者的GG基因型和C、G等位基因分布比较均无差异(P>0.05)。在rs3025039位点上，DWR组，NPDR和PDR组三组的CC、CT基因型及C、T等位基因分布均无差异(均P>0.05)。海南黎族PDR患者尿素、肌酐水平较DWR和NPDR组均显著升高(均P<0.05)。

结论：海南黎族2型糖尿病患者VEGF基因rs2010963基因多态性与DR发生有关，CC基因型可能是DR发生的遗传危险因素，增加PDR的易感性。rs2010963基因多态性对于PDR具有协同作用。

METHODS: Prospective study. A total of 89 patients with T2DM in the Li nationality in Hainan were randomly categorized(between 09/2016 to 10/2019)into three groups, 30 patients in nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy(NPDR)group, 33 patients in proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR)group, and 26 patients in T2DM without retinopathy(DWR)group as control. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method was used to determine the polymorphism in the VEGF gene. Differences in allele frequencies and genotype frequencies between cases and controls were compared.

RESULTS: Compared with the DWR group, the CC genotype of rs2010963 polymorphic site was significantly increased(P<0.016667), and CG genotype was significantly decreased in PDR group(P<0.016667). No significant differences were detected in the frequencies of genotype GG and C, G allele distribution among the three groups(P>0.05). Meanwhile, no significant differences were detected in the frequencies of genotype CC, CT, C, and T in rs3025039 among the three groups(all P>0.05). Plasma levels of serum urea and creatinine were significantly increased in PDR group compared to DWR and NPDR groups in Li nationality group in Hainan(all P<0.05).

CONCLUSION: The polymorphism of the VEGF gene(rs2010963)is associated with DR. CC genotype may be a genetic risk factor for the development of DR, increasing susceptibility to PDR. The rs2010963 related genotype is conferred risk and associated with higher susceptibilities of PDR.