AIM: To investigate the effect of triamcinolone acetonide(TA), artesunate(ART), and luteolin(LU)on the prevention and treatment of traumatic proliferative vitreoretinopathy(TPVR).

METHODS: Forty-eight cyanotic blue rabbits were selected to prepare TPVR animal models by making a penetrating eye injury and intravitreal injection of 0.3mL platelet-rich plasma, and were randomly divided into four groups(n=12), in which the vitreous cavity of the control group was injected with 0.1mL saline; The vitreous cavity of the TA group was injected with 0.1mL(1mg/mL)triamcinolone acetonide; The vitreous cavity of the ART group was injected with 0.1mL(20μg/mL)artesunate; 0.1mL(10μg/mL)luteolin was injected into the vitreous cavity of the LU group. The vitreous and retinal proliferation were observed by fundus photography and ocular ultrasound at 1, 2, 3 and 4wk postoperatively. The expression levels of α-SMA and VIM protein in the vitreous fluid of each group of rabbit eyes were detected by Western Blot at 28d postoperatively, and the retinal tissue structure of each group was observed by retinal HE staining.

RESULTS: At 28d postoperatively, the TPVR grading of rabbit eyes in the TA, ART and LU groups were significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05), and the TPVR grading of rabbit eyes in the TA group was significantly lower than that in the ART and LU groups(P<0.05). The expression levels of α-SMA and VIM proteins in the vitreous fluid of the rabbit eyes in the TA, ART and LU groups were significantly lower than those in the control group at 28d after surgery(P<0.01). The results of HE staining showed that the arrangement of retinal layers in rabbit eyesin the control group were disordered, severely distorted or locally broken, the structure of each layer were unclear, the anterior membrane was obviously thickened, and the retina was obviously detached; The arrangement of retinal layersin rabbit eyes in the LU group were slightly distorted, inflammatory exudation was visible in front of the retina, and the retina was superficially detached; The structure of retina in rabbit eyes in the ART group were clear, with mild edema and superficial detachment; The structure of retinal layers in rabbit eyes in the TA group were clear, the arrangement was still neat, the retinal folds were locally visible, and there was no retinal detachment.

CONCLUSION: Intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide, artesunate and luteolin were all effective in preventing and treating traumatic TPVR, among which triamcinolone acetonide has the most obvious effect.