Central retinal vein occlusion(CRVO)is a common retinal vascular disease that severely affects visual acuity. Currently, ranibizumab, aflibercept and dexamethasone implant have been successful in treating macular edema associated with CRVO. However, there were still 1/3 patients with no significant improvement in vision after treatment, 30.7% patients with macular edema subsiding after treatment but recurring, and 28.1% patients with macular edema persisting after treatment. How to determine the prognosis of patients by their different clinical manifestations at the early stage of disease onset can help clinicians to better select treatment options for patients according to their specific disease conditions. Recent studies on the prognosis of CRVO treatment have focused on imaging markers including disorganization of retinal inner layers, retinal hyperreflective foci, subretinal fluid, ischemic index, leakage index, and biomarkers including VEGF, interleukin(IL)-6, IL-8, etc. This article reviews the progress of research on factors related to the prognosis of CRVO, with the aim of treating, managing and monitoring patients with CRVO more precisely and effectively.