Artificial Intelligence(AI)refers to computer simulation of human mental reasoning, decision making, and behavior. AI has been implemented in various medical fields. AI application has shown tremendous potentials in ophthalmology, as it relies heavily on ocular imaging and visual data. The overall potential of AI includes screening, diagnostic grading, automated detection of disease activity, recurrences, quantification of therapeutic effects, and identification of relevant targets for novel therapeutic approaches, enabling personalized health care and large-scale management. This review briefly introduces and comments the main AI applications in ophthalmology, including diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, cataract, telehealth, and related topics. The review also points out the opportunities and challenges in AI implement in clinical practice, including clinical and technical challenges, data quality, explainability of the algorithm results, medicolegal and ethical issues.