干眼是由多因素引起的慢性眼表疾病，由泪膜不稳定、眼表微环境失衡导致，可伴有眼表炎症和损伤以及神经感觉异常。泪膜不稳定是其的核心特征。黏蛋白是泪膜的重要组成部分，具有稳定泪膜的作用，其分泌减少以及结构的改变引起干眼的发生发展。细胞质内Ca2+信号是控制外分泌腺分泌水液及酶的关键，Ca2+信号减少可引起干眼。结膜杯状细胞是分泌黏蛋白的主要细胞，可通过激活细胞内PLC-IP3-Ca2+通道，RyRs通道，cAMP信号通路，P2X受体，BLT1、ChemR23受体，胆碱能受体，ALX信号通路等增加Ca2+的含量，加速黏蛋白颗粒的补充，从而减轻干眼症状，Ca2+信号通路可能为治疗干眼的重要靶点。本文对黏蛋白在干眼中的作用及Ca2+信号对结膜杯状细胞的黏蛋白分泌的影响进行综述。

Dry eye is a chronic ocular surface disease caused by multiple factors. It is caused by the instability of the tear film and the imbalance of the microenvironment of the ocular surface, and may be accompanied by ocular surface inflammation, damage, and abnormal nerve sensation. The instability of the tear film is its core characteristic. Mucin is an important component of the tear film and plays a role in stabilizing the tear film. The reduction of its secretion and the change of its structure lead to the occurrence and development of dry eye. The intracellular Ca2+ signal is the key to controlling the secretion of water and enzymes by exocrine glands. A decrease in the Ca2+ signal can cause dry eye. Conjunctival goblet cells are the main cells that secrete mucin. By activating the intracellular PLC-IP3-Ca2+ channel, RyRs channel, cAMP signaling pathway, P2X receptor, BLT1 and ChemR23 receptors, cholinergic receptor, and ALX signaling pathway, the content of Ca2+ can be increased, and the replenishment of mucin granules can be accelerated, thereby relieving the symptoms of dry eye. The Ca2+ signaling pathway may be an important target for the treatment of dry eye. This article reviews the role of mucin in dry eye and the influence of the Ca2+ signal on the secretion of mucin by conjunctival goblet cells.

北京市自然科学基金面上项目；首都卫生发展科研专项重点公关项目