表观调节的概念源于经典晶状体调节功能缺失后的人眼调节功能，是屈光性白内障术后视觉功能研究的重要理论框架。与传统Von Helmholtz调节理论聚焦晶状体形变不同，表观调节评估晶状体外的全眼球调节水平，其机制长期存在争议。表观调节指去除自然晶状体并植入人工晶状体后，术眼仍表现出一定程度的屈光调节。本文系统回顾了表观调节的研究历程和检查方法的进步，逐步推动对生理性调节理论的反思与扩展。现有研究通过整合光学参数测量与神经适应理论，试图解析瞳孔动态变化、角膜像差等与中枢认知加工的协同效应，该领域正逐渐从单一解剖学解释向跨学科多维模型的转型。

Apparent accommodation originates from the residual accommodation function after the absence of classic lens accommodation, serving as a critical theoretical framework in the study of visual function after refractive cataract surgery. Different from Von Helmholtz’s theory, which focuses on lens deformation, it evaluates the overall accommodation capability of the eye excluding the lens, with its mechanisms remaining debated. Apparent accommodation refers to the character that pseudophakic eyes retain a certain degree of refractive accommodation after natural lens removal or intraocular lens (IOL) implantation, despite the loss of physiological accommodation. Integrating both subjective and objective examination methods is crucial for understanding apparent accommodation, which not only advances the study of depth perception but also provides insights into binocular visual coordination in pseudophakic eyes. This paper systematically reviews the historical development of apparent accommodation and the advances in assessment techniques, which have gradually contributed to the re-evaluation and expansion of classical theories of physiological accommodation. Recent studies attempt to decipher the synergistic effects between pupil, corneal, and central cognitive processing by integrating optical parameter measurements with neural adaptation. This reflects a shift in the field from a singular anatomical explanation to a more interdisciplinary and multi-dimensional model.

甘肃省自然科学基金项目（No. 21JR1RA180、No. 25JRRA422）；甘肃省卫生健康行业科研计划项目（No. GSWSKY2024-27）