目的 本研究旨在评估3%地夸磷索钠滴眼液在治疗白内障手术后干眼及其对泪膜稳定性的影响。方法 本研究为前瞻性临床研究，于2021年1月至2024年1月在西安爱尔眼科医院进行。共纳入124名白内障超声乳化术后患者，使用随机数字表法将参与者分配到研究组（62例，62眼）和对照组（62例，62眼）。研究组患者使用3%地夸磷索钠滴眼液，每天四次，持续一个月。对照组接受了玻璃酸钠滴眼液的治疗。比较两组在临床疗效、泪膜破裂时间（BUT）、基础泪液分泌试验（SIT）、角膜荧光素染色评分（FL）、炎症因子[白介素-1β（IL-1β）、白介素-6（IL-6）、肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）]水平和不良反应。结果 治疗后，研究组治疗有效率92.00%，对照组治疗有效率87.10%，两组间差异不显著（P > 0.05）。研究组患者BUT、SIT显著高于对照组， FL评分、炎症因子水平显著低于对照组（P < 0.05）。两组不良反应的发生率无显著差异（χ2=0.537，P=0.464）。结论 3%地夸磷索钠滴眼液显著改善白内障术后干眼患者的泪液分泌和泪膜稳定性，有效缓解干眼症状，是一种安全有效的治疗方法。

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of 3% diquafosol sodium ophthalmic solution in treating dry eye syndrome following cataract surgery and its impact on tear film stability. Methods: This prospective clinical study was conducted at Xi'an Aier Eye Hospital from January 2021 to January 2024. A total of 124 post-cataract surgery patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to either the study group (62 cases, 62 eyes) or the control group (62 cases, 62 eyes) using a random number table. The study group received 3% diquafosol sodium ophthalmic solution four times daily for one month, while the control group was treated with sodium hyaluronate eye drops. Clinical efficacy, tear film breakup time (BUT), Schirmer I test (SIT), corneal fluorescein staining (FL) score, inflammatory factors [interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)] levels, and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results: After treatment, the effective rate was 92.00% in the study group and 87.10% in the control group, with no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). The study group showed significantly higher BUT, SIT values compared to the control group, while FL score, and inflammatory factor levels were significantly lower (P < 0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions did not differ significantly between the two groups (χ2=0.537，P=0.464). Conclusion: 3% diquafosol sodium ophthalmic solution significantly improves tear secretion and tear film stability in patients with dry eye syndrome after cataract surgery, effectively alleviating dry eye symptoms. It is a safe and effective treatment method.