局灶性脉络膜凹陷(focal choroidal excavation,FCE)是一种隐匿且相对稳定的脉络膜结构异常的临床征象，随着光学相干断层扫描技术的广泛应用而被认识。它可以单独存在，也可以与其他脉络膜视网膜病变合并存在或继发于其他脉络膜视网膜病变。FCE的发病机制尚不清楚，可能是先天性的，也可能是后天获得的，但已经确定其可能与脉络膜新生血管(choroidal neovascularization,CNV)形成有关联。由于其临床特征的异质性及其相关疾病的多样性，近年来许多相关研究探讨了FCE与各种视网膜和脉络膜疾病之间的关系。目前的研究发现，脉络膜凹陷可能通过改变区域内的血流动力学和组织环境影响新生血管的发展，同类型和不同类型的凹陷在促进新生血管形成的能力上存在差异，在临床上，通过病例分析发现脉络膜凹陷与新生血管之间亦存在显著关联。本文对FCE伴发脉络膜新生血管的发病机制及二者的关联性做一综述，以期为相关病变的诊断和治疗提供更有效的策略。

focal choroidal excavation (FCE) is an insidious and relatively stable clinical sign of structural abnormalities of the choroid, which has been recognized with the widespread use of optical coherence tomography. It can exist alone, in combination with or secondary to other choroidal retinopathies.The pathogenesis of FCE is unclear and may be congenital or acquired, but it has been established that it may be associated with choroidal neovascularization (CNV) formation. Due to the heterogeneity of its clinical features and the diversity of its associated diseases, many relevant studies in recent years have explored the relationship between FCE and various retinal and choroidal diseases. Current studies have found that choroidal depressions may affect the development of neovascularization by altering the hemodynamic and tissue environment in the region, and that there are differences in the ability of the same and different types of depressions to promote neovascularization, and clinically, a significant association between choroidal depressions and neovascularization has been found by case analysis. In this article, we review the pathogenesis of choroidal neovascularization associated with FCE and the correlation between the two, with the aim of providing more effective strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of related lesions.

中医适宜技术对儿童近视的防治临床研究