Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of ultrasonic cycloplasty (UCP) combined with anti-VEGF + retinal photocoagulation for advanced neovascular glaucoma(NVG) and compare it with conventional ciliary body photocoagulation and UCP alone. Methods: Patients with advanced neovascular glaucoma who received surgery in our hospital from August 2020 to September 2022 and completed regular follow-up for at least 3 months were collected and divided into experimental group (UCP+ anti-VEGF group), control group 1 (ciliary body photocoagulation + anti-VEGF group) and control group 2 (UCP group alone) according to their treatment options.?A total of 16 patients (16 eyes) aged 35-74 years old (mean age 57.75±11.43) were included in the experimental group, 20 patients (20 eyes) aged 58.38±11.31 years old (mean age 30-76) were included in the control group 1, and 9 patients (9 eyes) aged 22-90 years old (mean age 58±19) were included in the control group 2.?Pain scores were evaluated before surgery and 1 day, 1 week and 1 month after surgery. Date on intraocular pressure (IOP), postoperative medication and complications were collected and compared.?The effective rate, total success rate and total complication rate were measured 3 months after operation. Results: There was no significant difference in preoperative intraocular pressure between the experimental group and the control group 1 (P > 0.05), but there was significant difference at different time points between the two groups (P < 0.01). Although the intraocular pressure at 1m, 3m and 6m in control group 1 was higher than that in the experimental group, there was no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in the total effect between the two groups (P > 0.05). There was significant difference in postoperative pain between the two groups at 1 day and 1 week after operation (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference at other time points. There was no significant difference in postoperative medication at different time points. There was no significant difference in operative complications. There was no significant difference in preoperative intraocular pressure between the experimental group and control group 2 (P > 0.05), but there was significant difference between the two groups at different time points (P < 0.01). According to the pairwise comparison of the two groups at each time point, the IOP of control group 2 was higher than that of the experimental group as a whole, and there was no significant difference at 1 day and 1 week after operation (P > 0.05), but there was significant difference at 1 m and 3 m after operation (P < 0.05). There was significant difference in total effect between the two groups (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference in postoperative pain, postoperative medication and postoperative complications between the two groups. Success rate: three months after operation, the success rates of experimental group, control group 1 and control group 2 were 68.8%, 50% and 0%, respectively, and the effective rates were 81.3%, 75% and 66.7%, respectively. Conclusion: UCP combined with anti-VEGF + retinal photocoagulation, ciliary body photocoagulation showed similar efficacy in reducing IOP in advanced NVG. UCP combined with anti-VEGF + retinal photocoagulation was sufficient for relieving pain and no serious complications in advanced NVG. UCP alone can effectively control iOP in the early postoperative period, but long-term control still requires anti-VEGF + retinal photocoagulation.