AIM:To learn influencing factors of low vision through the investigation of Uygur peasants aged 40 and over in Xinjiang Kuche district,and offer several suggestions on how to prevent and treat low vision. METHODS:Cluster sampling was used in randomly selecting individuals aged 40 or above in Xinjiang Kuche district,and the information of age,education,gender, economy,the distance between the house and hospital and the consciousness of health were collected. RESULTS:Age and the distance were risk factors, gender,education,economy and the consciousness of health were protect factors. CONCLUSION:Paying more attention to the aged and males,improving the economic environment of the peasants,raising the education of the peasants,enhancing the conscious of health and providing convenient medical service,we can reduce the morbidity of low visual acuity,and make the peasants’ life better.